ABDC
After Bottom Dead Centre.
Air temperature
The air temperature in the airbox and intake hose.
Air temperature sensor
Sensor to detect the temperature of the incoming air.
Ambient air pressure
Pressure of the air in the airbox.
ATDC
After Top Dead Centre.
BBDC
Before Bottom Dead Centre.
BDC
Bottom Dead Centre.
BTDC
Before Top Dead Centre (TDC).
Battery Voltage
The voltage at the input to the Engine Electronic Control Module (ECM).
Catalytic converter
Device placed in the exhaust system which converts toxic gases and pollutants in exhaust gas into less-toxic pollutants by an oxidation and a reduction reaction.
Closed throttle position
Throttle position at idle, measured as a voltage and expressed as a percentage.
Coolant temperature
The coolant temperature in the cylinder head.
Coolant temperature sensor
Sensor which detects coolant temperature.
Cooling fan status
The ON or OFF condition of the cooling fan.
Cooling fan variable speed controller
The cooling fan controller controls the cooling fans at various speeds depending on the temperature of the coolant.
Cruise control cancel switch (if fitted)
A switch located in the twist grip housing, used to cancel the cruise control. The switch is operated by the over-closing of the twist grip.
DTC
Diagnostic Trouble Code.
Electronic steering lock (if fitted)
The electronic steering lock operated by a switch.
EMS main relay
Engine Management System Main Relay. When the ignition is switched on, the EMS main relay is powered up to provide a stable Voltage supply for the engine ECM.
Engine ECM
Engine Electronic Control Module.
Engine speed
The crankshaft revolutions per minute.
Fall detection (if fitted)
The fall detection switch will detect if the motorcycle is on its side and will cut power to the engine ECM immediately.
If the fall detection switch is fitted, the inertial measurement unit (IMU) will not be fitted.
Freeze-frame
A data set captured at the time a Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) is set.
Gear position sensor
Gearbox mounted sensor which delivers information to the engine ECM. This is converted to the gear position value that is displayed on the instrument's gear position indicator and/or neutral lamp.
Idle fuel trim
The percentage above or below the nominal fuel requirement for the volume of air entering at idle.
Idle fuelling
Adjustment of fueling at idle to suit the actual air inducted.
Idle reference speed
The target idle speed as determined by the engine Electronic Control Module (ECM). (It should be the same as the actual idle speed if the motorcycle is operating correctly).
Ignition advance
The timing of ignition at the spark plug relative to Top Dead Centre.
Ignition switch position
The ON or OFF position of either or both the ignition switch and the engine stop switch.
Ignition timing
Same as ignition advance.
Immobiliser and Tyre Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) Control Module
The control module for the immobiliser and TPMS system.
IMU (if fitted)
The Inertial Measurement Unit measures the following:
- Longitudinal acceleration
- Vertical acceleration
- Lateral acceleration
- Pitch rate
- Yaw rate
- Roll rate
From these measurements the IMU calculates the motorcycle's lean angle.
The IMU outputs are used for multiple systems, for example, optimised cornering ABS (OCABS) and fall detection.
If the IMU is fitted, the fall detection switch will not be fitted.
Injector pulse time
The time during which an injector remains open (i.e. delivering fuel).
Keyless ECM (if fitted)
Keyless Electronic Control Module.
Long term fuel trim
Fueling after adapting to the engine's long term fueling requirements (closed loop only). See also short term fuel trim.
MAP sensor
Manifold Absolute Pressure (the air pressure in the intake system).
MIL
Malfunction Indicator Lamp.
Illuminates when most Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) are set.
Neutral switch status
The NEUTRAL or IN GEAR status of the transmission.
Off idle fuel trim
The percentage above or below the nominal fuel requirement for the volume of air entering at engine speeds other than idle. This function is not currently used in the Triumph system.
Open circuit
A break in an electrical circuit - current cannot flow.
Over temperature
High temperature within the engine Electronic Control Module (ECM) caused by an internal or external failure.
Oxygen sensor
The oxygen sensor measures the oxygen levels in the exhaust gases and feeds this information to the engine ECM. Based on this information, adjustments to air/fuel ratio are made.
Primary throttle position sensor
Sensor for the primary (lower) throttle position.
Purge valve duty cycle (if fitted)
The time the purge valve is open in an open/close cycle, expressed as a percentage of the cycle time.
Road speed sensor
The rear wheel speed sensor is used to supply road speed data to the engine ECM.
Secondary air injection (if fitted)
A small amount of air injected into the exhaust port to reduce the levels of pollutants in the exhaust gases.
Sensor supply Voltage
Supply voltage to the system sensors (nominally 5 volts).
Short circuit
A short cut in an electrical circuit - current bypasses the intended circuit (usually to ground).
Short term fuel trim
A correction applied to the fuel mixture during closed loop operation. This, in turn, has an effect on the long term fuel trim in that if an engine constantly requires mixture correction, the long term fuel trim will adapt to this requirement thus reducing the need for constant short term adjustment.
Side stand status
The 'up' or 'down' position of the side stand.
Target dwell time
The actual time from coil ON to coil OFF.
TDC
Top Dead Centre.
Throttle actuator motor
Motor used to open/close the throttle.
Throttle position
The position of the throttle butterfly given as a percentage of the movement range. When the data is displayed on the diagnostic software, fully open need not be 100% nor fully closed 0%.
Throttle Voltage
Voltage at the throttle potentiometer.
TPMS (if fitted)
Tyre Pressure Monitoring System.
Twist grip position sensor
The twist grip position sensor is used to relay twist grip position information to the engine ECM. The engine ECM uses this information to drive the throttle actuation motor to the correct position.
Transponder
A transponder-responder chip located in the ignition key. The transponder is activated by a radio signal sent out by the immobiliser control module, via an antenna located around the ignition switch. If the immobiliser control module does not receive the correct code signal from the transponder, the immobiliser will remain active and the engine will not start.