General Information
The engine management system fitted to this model is adaptive. This means that the system is able to learn about new or changing operating conditions. The fuelling and throttle system can continuously adapt itself without needing to constantly make major adjustments from a fixed baseline setting.
Adaptive changes can become necessary because of different fuels, changes in the region in which the motorcycle is operated (i.e. operation at high altitude where it was previously used at sea level) or because a new part may have been fitted which has slightly different characteristics to the old part. Fuelling and throttle system adaptive changes are automatic and require no intervention by rider or dealer.
Adaption status and range
To see if a motorcycle has fully adapted, a facility named is provided on the diagnostic tool under Engine Diagnostics - Sensor Data - Engine Adaption. The following adaption details can be examined:
| Function Examined | Report Method | Range/Status Description |
| Closed throttle position reference status | Adapted/not adapted | N/A |
| Twist grip adapted | Adapted/not adapted | N/A |
| Idle speed control adaption status | % | N/A |
| Oxygen sensor 1 adaption status (off idle) | % | Status off idle |
| Oxygen sensor 1 adaption range (off idle) | % | Range off idle |
| Oxygen sensor 1 adaption status (idle) | % | Status idle |
| Oxygen sensor 1 adaption range (idle) | % | Range idle |
| Oxygen sensor 2 adaption status (off idle) | % | Status off idle |
| Oxygen sensor 2 adaption range (off idle) | % | Range off idle |
| Oxygen sensor 2 adaption status (idle) | % | Status idle |
| Oxygen sensor 2 adaption range (idle) | % | Range idle |
Terminology
Where the term 'status' is used, this indicates how far the present operating parameter is from the stored (adapted) value. The nearer these figures are to zero the better as it indicates the motorcycle has adapted to its current operating conditions.
The term 'range' indicates how much (in percentage terms) of the adjustment range has been used to reach the current operating status.
Typical values
In a correctly adapted motorcycle, the following will be typical:
| Function Examined | Read Out | Range/Status Description |
| Closed throttle position reference status | Adapted | N/A |
| Twist grip adapted | Adapted | N/A |
| Idle speed control adaption status | Between +100 and -100% | N/A |
| Oxygen sensor 1 adaption status (off idle) | 0% +/- 10% | Status off idle |
| Oxygen sensor 1 adaption range (off idle) | Between +100 and -100% | Range off idle |
| Oxygen sensor 1 adaption status (idle) | 0% +/- 10% | Status idle |
| Oxygen sensor 1 adaption range (idle) | Between +100 and -100% | Range idle |
| Oxygen sensor 2 adaption status (off idle) | 0% +/- 10% | Status off idle |
| Oxygen sensor 2 adaption range (off idle) | Between +100 and -100% | Range off idle |
| Oxygen sensor 2 adaption status (idle) | 0% +/- 10% | Status idle |
| Oxygen sensor 2 adaption range (idle) | Between +100 and -100% | Range idle |
Forcing adaption to take place
If the read out indicates that the motorcycle is not adapted, the following will force the system to make adaptions:
Warning! Never start the engine or let it run for any length of time in a closed area. The exhaust fumes are poisonous and may cause loss of consciousness and death within a short time. Always operate the motorcycle in the open-air or in an area with adequate ventilation.
Note: Resetting adaptions with the motorcycle connected to an exhaust extraction system may cause incorrect values to be set, causing poor engine running. Always reset the adaptions with the engine disconnected from any exhaust extraction system whilst ensuring the motorcycle is positioned in a well ventilated area.
1. Ensure the engine is cold.
2. WITHOUT TOUCHING THE THROTTLE, start the engine and allow it to warm up until the cooling fan comes on.
3. Turn the ignition OFF for at least 60 seconds to allow the adaption settings to be stored in ECM memory.
Resetting the Adaptions
A reset engine adaptions facility is provided in the diagnostic tool. This function can be used to:
- Force fast fuelling and throttle adaption.
- Reset (erase) current adaptions.
Fast fuelling and throttle adaption
To force the fuelling and throttle system to quickly adapt to the current operating conditions:
1. Connect the diagnostic tool and turn the ignition ON.
2. Start the engine.
3. Allow the engine to reach normal operating temperature (90°C for liquid cooled models, 60°C for air cooled models).
4. Make sure the system is in closed loop control mode.
5. Navigate to Engine Diagnostics - Adjust.
6. Select 'RESET ENGINE ADAPTIONS' and click 'ADJUST'.
Note: This will force a fast adaption routine to take place in around five seconds. For this to happen, the engine MUST be running, it must be at normal operating temperature and in closed loop control mode. Under any other conditions fast adaption will not take place and the current adaption settings may be erased as described below.
Reset (erase) current adaptions
To reset the currently stored adaptions:
1. Connect the diagnostic tool and turn the ignition ON. Do NOT start the engine.
2. Navigate to Engine Diagnostics - Adjust.
3. Select 'RESET ENGINE ADAPTIONS' and click 'ADJUST'.
The following adaptions will be reset:
- Fuelling
- Throttle
- Twist Grip
- Crankshaft Position (Euro 5 Motorcycles in Applicable Markets Only)
Note: The following adaptions will not be reset:
- Neutral Position
- Gear Position
- Shift Force Sensor (TSA)
To Re-Adapt
1. Connect the diagnostic tool and turn the ignition ON.
2. Start the engine.
3. Allow the engine to reach normal operating temperature (90°C for liquid cooled models, 60°C for air cooled models).
4. Adapt the crankshaft position (Euro 5 Motorcycles in Applicable Markets Only).
5. If applicable, perform a cruise control switch check as described in the Service Manual.
Fault Indications
If 'range' figures at 100% are seen, then the adjustment has reached maximum indicating a mechanical fault exists on the motorcycle. This can be due to a number of faults but possible causes will be incorrect fuel pressure, incorrectly connected oxygen sensors, faulty injectors or air leaks at the throttle bodies or airbox.
In these circumstances, locate and rectify the fault, and reset the adaptions as described above.