Rising pressure compresses the spring and the lower valve opens. Excess pressure and expanded coolant flow to the overflow bottle through the overflow tube. When the pressure drops, the vacuum valve opens to draw coolant back into the radiator through the overflow tube from the overflow bottle.
Figure 6-2. Pressure cap: 1. Upper sealing gasket; 2. Spring diaphragm; 3. Lower sealing gasket; 4. Vacuum valve | Figure 6-3. Filler neck: 1. Upper sealing seat; 2. Safety stop; 3. Cam; 4. Overflow tube; 5. Lower sealing seat |